EDU 555

Education and Society

 

Spring, 2004

 

 

Instructor:               Dr. Richard Reynolds                    Phone: (h) 423-5329

Office:                     Webb Hall, Room 152                                (w) 465-5323

 

Class Meetings:       555.01 Webb Rm. 212                   email: reynolds@easternct.edu

                                  555.02  Media Rm. 103

 

Office Hours:           M:  11.00-4.00 pm.                    Class Time: 01:  M   4.00 – 6.45 pm.                          

 T:   11.00-2.00 & 3.30-5.00pm.                           02:  W   4.00 - 6.45 pm.  

 W:  11.00- 4.00 pm.

                                    R:   11.00-12.30 & 3.30-5.00pm.

                                           or by appointment

 

Credit Hours:                                      3

 

Catalog Description:           A critical study of the American education system and contemporary educational practices in relation to historical perspectives, societal issues, philosophical principles, ethical considerations, political and economic policies and current  initiatives.

 

 

Course Prerequisite:           Graduate standing

 

 

Purpose of the Course:       To provide the opportunity for students to critically examine the American education system in relation to historical antecedents, societal issues, philosophical principles, ethical considerations, and political and economic policies that have shaped the system.

 

 

Course Objectives:     By the end of the course students will:

 

1.      Identify general historical periods and trends in American education along with an understanding of its European heritage.

 

2.      Identify social issues as they pertain to education, but more importantly examine those issues by analyzing and synthesizing important historical, sociological, and governmental research references to provide a balanced treatment of controversial issues.

 

3.  Understand the basic tenets of the various schools of educational philosophy as relating to the nature of the goals of education, the learner, curriculum and classroom management.

 

4.  Demonstrate competence in the problem-solving approach and the skills necessary to identify a particular problem, collect evidence on it, share that evidence with the class in an oral presentation and report the research through a final term paper.

 

5.   Apply what has been learned in the situation where he or she works.

 

6.      Internalize a cognitive and affective frame of reference that is objective, draws references from a variety of relevant academic disciplines and demonstrate problem-solving, skills that are ethically sound as well as pragmatic.

 

7. Appreciate and respect diverse educational thoughts and practices and maintain a global understanding of their profession.

 

8.      Be conscious of ethical considerations as they impact their thinking and judgment and as they answer the question “what should a teacher do in a situation like this?”

 

 

Class Texts:                     Tozer, S.E., Violas, P.C. and Senese, G.  (2002) (4th ed.)  School and Society.  Boston, MA:  McGraw-Hill.

 

                                                   McLaren, P. (2003) (4th. ed.)  Life in Schools.  New York:  Longman.

                                                  

Kohn, Alfie (2000) The Case against StandardizedTesting. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann.

 

Suggested Texts

and/or References:        Gould, S.J. (1996)  The Mismeasure of Man.  New York:  Norton.

 

                                          Gutek, G.L. (1992)  (3rd. ed.)  Education and Schooling in America.  Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

 

                                          Gutek, G.L.  (1997)  (2nd. ed.)  Historical & Philosophical Foundations of Education:  A Biographical Introduction.  Columbus, OH:  Merrill.

 

                                          Gutek, G.L.  (1997)  (2nd. ed.)  Philosophical & Ideological Perspective on Education.  Boston, MA:  Allyn & Bacon.

 

                                          Gutek, G.L. (1991)  (2nd. ed.)  An Historical Introduction to American Education.  Prospect Heights, IL:  Waveland.

 

                                          Gutek, G. (2000). American Education 1945-2000: A History and Commentary. Prospect Heights, IL:  Waveland.

 

                                          Johnson, J., Dupuis, V., Musial, D., Hall & G., Gollnick, D.  (2002) (12th. ed.)  Introduction to the Foundations of American Education.  Boston: Allyn and Baco

 

                                          Levine, D. & Levine, R. (1996) (9th. ed.)  Society and Education. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

 

                                          McNergney, R & Herbert, J. (2001) (3rd. ed.) Foundations of Education. Boston MA: Allyn and Bacon.

 

                                          Newman, J. W. (2002)  (4th ed.)  America's Teachers.  New York:  Longman.

 

                                          Ornstein, A. & Levine, D. (2003) (8th. ed.)  Foundations of Education.  Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

 

                                          Pai, Y. & Adler, S.  (1997) (2nd. ed.)  Cultural Foundations of Education.  Columbus, OH:  Merrill.

                                                  

                                          Perkinson, H. (1995)  (4th. ed.)  The Imperfect Panacea.  New York:  McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Pulliam, J.D. and Van Patten, J. (1999)  (7th. ed.)   History of Education in America.  New York: Merrill.

 

                                          Rippa, S.A. (1997) (8th. ed.) Education in a Free Society.  New York: Longman.

 

                                          Rothstein, S.W.  (1996)  Schools and Society.  Columbus, OH:  Merrill.

 

                                          Sadker, M.P. and Sadker, D.M. (2003) (6th. ed.)  Teachers, Schools, and Society.  New York: McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Schultz, F. (Ed.) Annual Edition: Education 01/02.  Guilford, CT: Duskin Publishing.

 

                                          Spring, J.  (1989) The Sorting Machine Revisited.  New York:  Longman.

 

                                          Spring, J. (1999) (2nd ed.). Wheels in the head. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Spring, J. (2004)  (11th. ed.)  American Education.  Boston, MA:  McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Stevens, E., Wood, G. & Sheehan, J. (2002) (4th ed.)  Justice, Ideology, and Education.  New York, McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Urban, W. & Wagoner, J.  (2004) (3nd. ed.). American Education:  A History.  New York:  McGraw-Hill.

 

                                          Webb, L.D., Metha, A. and Jordan, K.F. (2003)  (4th. ed.) Foundations of American Education.  New York: Merrill.

 

 

Education Journals

o     Phi Delta Kappan

o      Educational Leadership

o     Journal of Teacher Education

 

Newspapers/News Magazines

o      Education Week

o      Hartford Courant

o      New London Day, Norwich Bulletin, Manchester

      Journal Inquirer, East Hartford Gazette, Willimantic

      Chronicle

 

Useful Web Sites:

Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD) www.ascd.org

American Educational Research Association (AERA) www.aera.net

American Association of School Administrators (AASA) www.aasa.org

National School Board Association (NSBA) www.nsba.org

Connecticut State Department of Education (CSDE) www.state. ct. us/sde

U. S. Department of Education, Office of Research  www.ed.gov/offies/OERI/ResCtr.html

Connecticut General Statutes (CGS) www. csinet. cts ta teu. edu/ sta tutes/

 National newspapers www. ajr. news link. orglnews. html

Connecticut newspapers www. microzoo. com/ ctnews. Html

 Massachusetts newspapers www. microzoo. com/manews. Html

 Phi Delta Kappa (PDK) www.pdkintl.org

The Hartford Courant www.ctnow.com

The New York Times www.nytimes,com

The Boston Globe www.boston.com

The Washington Post www.washingtonpost.com

Education Week www.edweek.org

Teachers College Record www.tcrecord.org

 

 

Course Outline:

1.   Introduction:

                  “Getting to know you.”  Explanation of syllabus. Why Study Theory? Terms: Political Economy, Ideology, Democracy, education, schooling, training . The relationship between school and the larger society.

                                                                                                                     Tozer et al. Ch. 1

 

                  Organize the schedule of in-class presentations

                       

2.   Educational Vision of Jefferson and the Classic Liberals Faith in human reason. Natural law. Liberal conceptions of virtue, progress, freedom. The education/democracy nexus. Tozer et al. C

 

Reading - McLaren, Pt. I. pp. 1-51

 

            3.  The Common School Era & Horace Mann

      Effects of urbanization, industrialization, immigration on the nation. Creating a national identity and the role of a free, secular school system in this process. Tozer at al. Ch. 3

                  Discussion - The riddle of religion in the schools.

 

                  Reading - McLaren, Ch. 1, pp. 55-98

 

            4.   The Progressive Era (1870-1920) in American Schools.

      ‘Old ‘ and ‘new’ immigrants. Progressive reforms in various guises throughout the nation. The Dewey Progressives and the Social Efficiency progressives fight for control of the education agenda. The new liberal ideology and the age of the “experts” Tozer et al. - Ch. 4

                  Discussion - Dewey's Progressivism or the social -efficiency approach?

 

                  Reading - McLaren, Ch. 2, pp. 99-136

 

5.   The Modern Era (1950- 1970)

      Goodbye to the primacy of the Common Man. The new Democracy administered by experts. J.B. Conant and the resurrection of meritocracy. IQ testing, SAT’s. The Cold War, Sputnik and the Communist menace. NDEA.  Tozer et al. - Chs. 8.

      Discussion - Was Coleman correct?

 

      Reading - McLaren, Ch. 3, pp. 137-182

 

6.      The Challenge of Diversity and Equity

      The origins of inequality. Genetic Inferiority v Cultural Deficit Theory. Brown v Board (1954). The Coleman Report (1966). Lyndon Johnson’s response – New Society and the War on Poverty.  Tozer et al. - Ch. 12.

      Discussion - Resistance Theory.

 

      Reading - McLaren, Chs. 4 & 5, pp. 185-221

 

7.   The Modern Era (1980-2000)

Contemporary school reform. “A nation at risk” (1983). The ascendancy of excellence over equity. Smaller government and a return to local control of education? America 2000, Goals 2000, “No child left behind” (2001). Reshaping the teaching profession. Who is driving these efforts to reform?  Tozer et al - Ch. 14.

        

      Reading - McLaren, Ch. 6,7,8 &9, pp. 227-261

 

8.   "More bang for your buck" - Financing education and the Accountability Movement. School Choice and vouchers. How do schools become accountable?  Testing, the national dementia?

                  Discussion - Applying the business model to Education?

 

      Reading - McLaren, Ch. 10, pp. 263-292

                                                        

9.   The Literacy Debate

      Literacy as a social construct. Conventional, functional, cultural and critical literacy. Hegemony, the power elites and  literacy. Cultural hegemony and mass media. Schooling and cultural hegemony.  Tozer et al. - Ch. 9

      Discussion: The views of E.D. Hirsch.                                                                           

 

                              GROUP PRESENTATIONS

 

10. The Professionalization of Teaching

      Professionalism and contemporary school reform. The Holmes and Carnegie Reports. The political and economic dimensions of teaching as a profession. The issue of professional autonomy. Who controls the schools? Professional ethics and  issues of satisfaction.

      Tozer et al. - Ch 10

      Discussion: How to improve the teaching force.

 

11. Differentiated Education - The Vocational and Liberal Ideals

      Histories of vocational and liberal education. Work and the quality of life. What is critical pedagogy? Critical Education v Banking Education. School to work programs. Tozer et al. - Ch. 11

      Discussion: Ability grouping in schools?

 

12. Intelligence:  A Misused and Abused Concept.

      The process of Reification. Scientific measurement, heredity and prejudice!! Alfred Binet and intelligent testing. Goddard, Terman and Burt and the misuse of statistics. Yerkes and the doughboys. Spearman’s ‘g’ and ‘s’ factors. Jensen, Herrnstein and Murray – is there more to the story than statistics? Howard Gardner may have the answers we have been looking for.

      Discussion: Gardner’s theory of Multiple Intelligence

 

 

 

Reading Guides:        Reading Guides are provided for the chapters covered in the Tozer et al. text and are designed to encourage you to focus and gain as much as possible from the readings. These guides are posted on the university web site and are accessible as follows:

                                          Go to ECSU home page

                                          click Faculty Web Pages

                                          click Reynolds, Richard  Education

                                          click on the EDU 555 link

                                          click on Reading Guides

 

Group Presentations:

                               will consist of the study of selected educational issues from sociological, philosophical, historical, ethical, political and comparative perspectives.

 

Individuals or groups of students will research and present their findings in class presentations. Specifically, class members may choose to present material and viewpoints derived from the following list of studies, initiatives, reforms and philosophical positions.

 

 

 

1. Studies relating Social Class and Academic Achievement

 

2.   Standardized Testing

3.   Magnet Schools/ Charter Schools

4.   Education of Minority Populations

5.   Education of Women and Girls

                                    6.   Effective Schools Research

   7.   High School Reform Proposals; Theodore Sizer

                                                     

                                    8.   Proposals to Help Potential Drop-Outs

                                    9.   Special Education; the Inclusion Debate

                                    10. Should U.S. Emulate Other Countries?

11.   Improving the Teaching Force

12.   Cultural Literacy: The views of E.D. Hirsch

13.   Moral Education: The riddle of religion in the schools

 

14.   Proposals to Reform Middle Schools: “Turning Points”

 

                                    15. School Choice and Vouchers

                                    16.  The Role of Teachers' Unions

17.   School-to-Work Programs

18.   Liberal and vocational conceptions of education: Ability grouping and tracking

 

19.   “No Child Left Behind” (2001)

 

                                    20. An appropriate topic of your own choosing

 

 

 

EDU 555                                           Rubric for Research/Presentation

 

Evidence of Research

 

a.                  Class Handout

10 points                                     8 points                                       5 points

a) Complete Table of Contents

b) Full bibliography in APA format

a) Incomplete Table of Contents

b) Incomplete bibliography in APA format or complete bibliography not in APA style

a) No Table of Contents

b) No bibliography

 

 

b.                  Balance of your own and photocopied work

10 points                                        8 points                                    5 point                         

Good balance of your own work and useful copied (photocopied) materials

Heavy reliance on copied (photocopied) materials.

Handout was ‘slim’

Total or almost total absence of your own work

 

 

 

 

c.                   Sources

10 points                                        8 points                                    5 points

a) 3 types of resources were used: books, journal articles, interviews, surveys, Internet, newspaper articles, case studies, personal videos etc.

b) A total of at least 10 resources

a) 2 types of resources

b) total of 5-9 resources

 

a) 1 type of resource

b) less than 5 resources

 

 

d.                  Diverse Perspectives

10 points                                        8 points                                    5 points

Evidence that research has been done from differing viewpoints (historical, ethical, philosophical, sociological, statistical) and acknowledges the various criticisms in addition to several pros & cons on the topic presented

Evidence that research has been done from adequate coverage of differing viewpoints and acknowledges some of the criticisms with a few pros & cons on the topic

 

Evidence that research has been done through limited coverage of different viewpoints with little acknowledgement of criticisms and no treatment of pros and cons

 

 

Presentation

 

a. Organization

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

a) The presentation is well organized with an introduction, followed by supporting evidence and closure

b) The presentation is coherent and fully developed

a) The presentation is not well developed. It lacks an introduction, well-developed evidence or closure.

b) Coherence is attempted but not achieved

a)      Little of nothing is presented. The whole lacks organization and coherence and is poorly developed

b) the presentation does not stay on topic

 

 

b. Evidence of Collaboration

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

Evidence of collaboration. Equal participation in the presentation

Evidence of collaboration with less than equal participation in the presentation

Little evidence of collaboration with extremely unequal participation in presentation

 

 

c. Variety of Learning Styles

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

The presenters demonstrated the use of 3 or more modes of instruction: lecture, game, skit activity, discussion, group work, questioning, debate, guest lecturer etc. 

The presenters demonstrated the use of 2 modes of instruction

 

The presenters relied almost entirely on lecture demonstrating the use of only 1 mode of instruction

 

 

 

  1. Use of Visual Aids

10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

Use of at least 2 types of visual aids: Powerpoint, video, slide projector, charts, OHP, document camera etc.

Use of at least 1 type of visual aids

No visual aids

 

 

 

 

 

e. Engaged Interest of Class

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

High level of class engagement in the presentation

Low levels of class involvement or presentation was too confusing

Lecture only; presenters failed to engage the interest of the class.

 

                                               

f. Personal Critical Analysis

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

The presenters successfully built their personal critical analysis of the subject material into the presentation

Some attempt to build a personal critical analysis into the presentation

Presenters failed to include a personal critical analysis of the subject matter

 

 

g. Quoting from the Research Literature

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

4 or more quotes from the research literature

2 quotes from the research literature

Presenters failed to provide quotes from the research literature

 

 

h. Management of Time

            10 points                                  8 points                                    5 points

The presenters used their time wisely covering the material content of their presentation, the scheduled activities, closure and time for questions within the time allowed.

The presenters got part way through their presentation but ran out of time and did not allow for adequate closure or questions.

The presentation essentially fell apart. The presenters did not follow a logical sequence and lost focus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

EDU 555                                                         Rubric for Final Research Paper

 

Grade: A

1.       # of pages, 10-12

2.       APA format is followed throughout

3.       Main premise/theme is clearly stated and supported by at least 2 sources

4.       The paper is well written and free of grammatical, syntactic and spelling errors

5.       The paper is well organized and logically ordered

6.       Opposing views are stated and examined

7.       Major ideas are supported with quotes from the research literature

8.       There is a strong conclusion

 

Grade: A-

1.       # of pages, less than 10

2.       APA format is followed on most occasions

3.       Main premise/theme is clearly stated and supported by at least 1 source

4.       The paper is reasonable well written; some grammatical, syntactic, spelling errors

5.       The paper has some organizational flaws

6.       At least one opposing view is stated and examined

7.       Major ideas are supported with quotes from the research literature

8.       There is a stated conclusion

 

Grade: B+

1.        # of pages, less than 9

2.       APA format is inconsistent

3.       Main premise/theme is difficult to determine and unsupported

4.       The paper has numerous grammatical, syntactic and spelling errors

5.       The paper has numerous organizational flaws

6.       Opposing views are not stated

7.       Excessive original ideas and/or over reliance on quotes

8.       The conclusion is weak or missing

 

Grade: B

1.       # of pages, less than 8

2.       APA format is inconsistent or non existent

3.       Main premise/theme is not stated

4.       The paper has numerous grammatical, syntactic and spelling errors

5.       The paper is not organized

6.       Opposing views are not stated

7.       Excessive original ideas and/or over reliance on quotes predominate

8.       The conclusion is missing

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marking & Grading:

 

                                    Attendance and Participation                    30  points

                                    in Class Discussions

                                    Two Reaction papers                                  60  points

                                    Research/Presentation                               120 points

                                    Final Paper                                                    90  points

                                                                                                            --------------

                                    TOTAL                                                          300 points

 

Your mark will be converted to a % score and grades will be awarded as follows:

 

                                                92% - 100%               A

                                                88% - 91%                 A-

                                                84% - 87%                 B+

                                                80% - 83%                 B

                                                76% - 79%                 B-

                                                72% - 75%                 C+

                                                68% - 71%                 C

                                                64% - 67%                 C-

                                                62% - 63%                 D+

                                                60% - 61%                 D

                                   

 

Assignments:   NO LATE WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS WILL BE ACCEPTED. Lest you consider this stricture too harsh, consider the reasons why the vast majority of requests are made for (time) extensions.

 

                  All written work submitted for correction should be typed.  Typed papers should be doubled spaced, 12 point font (23 lines/page) on standard 8 1/2" x 11" paper with a one inch margin all round.  Papers should be stapled.  Please ensure that your paper carries a title page on which your name, the course name and number, the date and the title of the assignment are clearly marked.

                  Deductions will be made for grammatical or mechanical errors.

 

A Pocket Style Manual (2004) (4rd ed.) by Diana Hacker may prove to be a useful reference when checking for correct grammar and syntax  and details of the APA style of referencing.

 

 

Attendance and  Participation:      You are expected to be in attendance and to be punctual.  If for reason you are unable to attend class, then I would appreciate knowing this PRIOR to the event.

 

 The attendance policy for this class allows for ONE unexplained absence. A serious attendance problem, a student missing all or part of a second or third class will occasion the loss of points to be subtracted from the grade for attendance and participation.  Missing all or part of four (or more) scheduled classes will result in the issuance of a failing grade for the course.

 

                                    Participation in class will be judged in terms of students' ability to   answer questions posed in the Reading Guides and general contributions to class discussions. Please speak up, you are among friends.

 

 

Students with Disabilities:  If you are a student with a disability and believe you will need accommodations for this class, it is your responsibility to contact the Office of AccessAbility Services at 465-5573. To avoid any delay in the receipt of accommodations you should contact the Office as soon as possible. Please note that I cannot provide accommodations based upon disability until I have a letter from the Office of AccessAbility Services. Your cooperation is appreciated.

 

                                  

 

 

Class Schedule                                                     EDU 555, Spring 2003

 

555.01    M:  4.00 – 6.45 p.m.

555.02    W: 4.00 – 6.45 p.m.

 

Week

1                              January      26 (555.01)  Library Tour                

                                                    28 (555.02)  Library Tour

 

2                              February     2

                                                     4

 

3                                                                                9

        11

                                                 

4                                                    16  Washington’s Birthday

18  1st. Reaction Paper due

 

5                                                    23  1st. Reaction Paper due

25

               

 6                              March            1

                                                         3        

                                                 

7                                                                                                           8   2nd. Reaction Paper due

10  2nd. Reaction Paper due

 

8                                                                                                          15

17

 

9                                                                                                         22  Spring

 24  Break          

 

10                                                                                                      29 

 31 

 

11                              April               5   Begin Group Presentation

                                                        7   Begin Group Presentations

 

12                                                  12

14

 

   13                                                   19

                                                          21

 

14                                                                                                      26

28

 

15                                      May       3    

                                                        5

 

16                                                                                                     10  Hand in Final Paper

                                                          12  Hand in Final Paper